wiþutan [OE] withouten [MI] without [ME] ɯiþaot https://www.etymonline.com/word/without#etymonline_v_25518 https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/without#dictionary-entry-1 https://quod.lib.umich.edu/m/middle-english-dictionary/dictionary/MED53106 https://bosworthtoller.com/36283